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\left(p-3\right)\left(p^{2}+3p+2\right)
By Rational Root Theorem, all rational roots of a polynomial are in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p divides the constant term -6 and q divides the leading coefficient 1. One such root is 3. Factor the polynomial by dividing it by p-3.
a+b=3 ab=1\times 2=2
Consider p^{2}+3p+2. Factor the expression by grouping. First, the expression needs to be rewritten as p^{2}+ap+bp+2. To find a and b, set up a system to be solved.
a=1 b=2
Since ab is positive, a and b have the same sign. Since a+b is positive, a and b are both positive. The only such pair is the system solution.
\left(p^{2}+p\right)+\left(2p+2\right)
Rewrite p^{2}+3p+2 as \left(p^{2}+p\right)+\left(2p+2\right).
p\left(p+1\right)+2\left(p+1\right)
Factor out p in the first and 2 in the second group.
\left(p+1\right)\left(p+2\right)
Factor out common term p+1 by using distributive property.
\left(p-3\right)\left(p+1\right)\left(p+2\right)
Rewrite the complete factored expression.