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5\left(a^{4}+13a^{3}+40a^{2}\right)
Factor out 5.
a^{2}\left(a^{2}+13a+40\right)
Consider a^{4}+13a^{3}+40a^{2}. Factor out a^{2}.
p+q=13 pq=1\times 40=40
Consider a^{2}+13a+40. Factor the expression by grouping. First, the expression needs to be rewritten as a^{2}+pa+qa+40. To find p and q, set up a system to be solved.
1,40 2,20 4,10 5,8
Since pq is positive, p and q have the same sign. Since p+q is positive, p and q are both positive. List all such integer pairs that give product 40.
1+40=41 2+20=22 4+10=14 5+8=13
Calculate the sum for each pair.
p=5 q=8
The solution is the pair that gives sum 13.
\left(a^{2}+5a\right)+\left(8a+40\right)
Rewrite a^{2}+13a+40 as \left(a^{2}+5a\right)+\left(8a+40\right).
a\left(a+5\right)+8\left(a+5\right)
Factor out a in the first and 8 in the second group.
\left(a+5\right)\left(a+8\right)
Factor out common term a+5 by using distributive property.
5a^{2}\left(a+5\right)\left(a+8\right)
Rewrite the complete factored expression.