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x^{2}-4x+4+4=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)
Use binomial theorem \left(a-b\right)^{2}=a^{2}-2ab+b^{2} to expand \left(x-2\right)^{2}.
x^{2}-4x+8=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)
Add 4 and 4 to get 8.
x^{2}-4x+8=x^{2}-4
Consider \left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right). Multiplication can be transformed into difference of squares using the rule: \left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=a^{2}-b^{2}. Square 2.
x^{2}-4x+8-x^{2}=-4
Subtract x^{2} from both sides.
-4x+8=-4
Combine x^{2} and -x^{2} to get 0.
-4x=-4-8
Subtract 8 from both sides.
-4x=-12
Subtract 8 from -4 to get -12.
x=\frac{-12}{-4}
Divide both sides by -4.
x=3
Divide -12 by -4 to get 3.