Solve for ρ
\rho =\cos(2\phi )+2
Solve for φ
\phi =\frac{\arccos(\rho -2)+2\pi n_{1}}{2}\text{, }n_{1}\in \mathrm{Z}
\phi =\frac{-\arccos(\rho -2)+2\pi n_{2}}{2}\text{, }n_{2}\in \mathrm{Z}\text{, }\rho \geq 1\text{ and }\rho \leq 3
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