Solve {l}{5x-3y=1800}{6x-4y=1600}

$$\left. \begin{array} { l } { 5 x - 3 y = 1800 } \\ { 6 x - 4 y = 1600 } \end{array} \right.$$

Solve for x, y

$$x=1200$$

$$y=1400$$

Steps Using Substitution

To solve a pair of equations using substitution, first solve one of the equations for one of the variables. Then substitute the result for that variable in the other equation.

$$5x-3y=1800,6x-4y=1600$$

Choose one of the equations and solve it for x by isolating x on the left hand side of the equal sign.

$$5x-3y=1800$$

Add 3y to both sides of the equation.

$$5x=3y+1800$$

Divide both sides by 5.

$$x=\frac{1}{5}\left(3y+1800\right)$$

Multiply \frac{1}{5} times 1800+3y.

$$x=\frac{3}{5}y+360$$

Substitute \frac{3y}{5}+360 for x in the other equation, 6x-4y=1600.

$$6\left(\frac{3}{5}y+360\right)-4y=1600$$

Multiply 6 times \frac{3y}{5}+360.

$$\frac{18}{5}y+2160-4y=1600$$

Add \frac{18y}{5} to -4y.

$$-\frac{2}{5}y+2160=1600$$

Subtract 2160 from both sides of the equation.

$$-\frac{2}{5}y=-560$$

Divide both sides of the equation by -\frac{2}{5}, which is the same as multiplying both sides by the reciprocal of the fraction.

$$y=1400$$

Substitute 1400 for y in x=\frac{3}{5}y+360. Because the resulting equation contains only one variable, you can solve for x directly.

$$x=\frac{3}{5}\times 1400+360$$

Multiply \frac{3}{5} times 1400.

$$x=840+360$$

Add 360 to 840.

$$x=1200$$

The system is now solved.

$$x=1200,y=1400$$

Steps Using Matrices

Put the equations in standard form and then use matrices to solve the system of equations.

$$5x-3y=1800,6x-4y=1600$$

Write the equations in matrix form.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}1800\\1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

Left multiply the equation by the inverse matrix of \left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right).

$$inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}1800\\1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

The product of a matrix and its inverse is the identity matrix.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}1&0\\0&1\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}1800\\1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

Multiply the matrices on the left hand side of the equal sign.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}5&-3\\6&-4\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}1800\\1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

For the 2\times 2 matrix \left(\begin{matrix}a&b\\c&d\end{matrix}\right), the inverse matrix is \left(\begin{matrix}\frac{d}{ad-bc}&\frac{-b}{ad-bc}\\\frac{-c}{ad-bc}&\frac{a}{ad-bc}\end{matrix}\right), so the matrix equation can be rewritten as a matrix multiplication problem.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}-\frac{4}{5\left(-4\right)-\left(-3\times 6\right)}&-\frac{-3}{5\left(-4\right)-\left(-3\times 6\right)}\\-\frac{6}{5\left(-4\right)-\left(-3\times 6\right)}&\frac{5}{5\left(-4\right)-\left(-3\times 6\right)}\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}1800\\1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

Do the arithmetic.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}2&-\frac{3}{2}\\3&-\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}1800\\1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

Multiply the matrices.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}2\times 1800-\frac{3}{2}\times 1600\\3\times 1800-\frac{5}{2}\times 1600\end{matrix}\right)$$

Do the arithmetic.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}1200\\1400\end{matrix}\right)$$

Extract the matrix elements x and y.

$$x=1200,y=1400$$

Steps Using Elimination

In order to solve by elimination, coefficients of one of the variables must be the same in both equations so that the variable will cancel out when one equation is subtracted from the other.

$$5x-3y=1800,6x-4y=1600$$

To make 5x and 6x equal, multiply all terms on each side of the first equation by 6 and all terms on each side of the second by 5.

$$6\times 5x+6\left(-3\right)y=6\times 1800,5\times 6x+5\left(-4\right)y=5\times 1600$$

Simplify.

$$30x-18y=10800,30x-20y=8000$$

Subtract 30x-20y=8000 from 30x-18y=10800 by subtracting like terms on each side of the equal sign.

$$30x-30x-18y+20y=10800-8000$$

Add 30x to -30x. Terms 30x and -30x cancel out, leaving an equation with only one variable that can be solved.

$$-18y+20y=10800-8000$$

Add -18y to 20y.

$$2y=10800-8000$$

Add 10800 to -8000.

$$2y=2800$$

Divide both sides by 2.

$$y=1400$$

Substitute 1400 for y in 6x-4y=1600. Because the resulting equation contains only one variable, you can solve for x directly.

$$6x-4\times 1400=1600$$

Multiply -4 times 1400.

$$6x-5600=1600$$

Add 5600 to both sides of the equation.

$$6x=7200$$

Divide both sides by 6.

$$x=1200$$

The system is now solved.

$$x=1200,y=1400$$