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y+X=12,-y+3x=42
To solve a pair of equations using substitution, first solve one of the equations for one of the variables. Then substitute the result for that variable in the other equation.
y+X=12
Pick one of the two equations which is more simple to solve for y by isolating y on the left hand side of the equal sign.
y=12-X
Subtract X from both sides of the equation.
-\left(12-X\right)+3x=42
Substitute 12-X for y in the other equation, -y+3x=42.
3x=54-X
Subtract -12+X from both sides of the equation.
x=-\frac{X}{3}+18
Divide both sides by 3.
y=12-X,x=-\frac{X}{3}+18
The system is now solved.