Solve {lll}{1}&{2}&{0}{3}&{1}&{2}{0}&{3}&{1}

$$\left| \begin{array} { l l l } { 1 } & { 2 } & { 0 } \\ { 3 } & { 1 } & { 2 } \\ { 0 } & { 3 } & { 1 } \end{array} \right|$$

Evaluate

$$-11$$

Steps Using Sarrus' Rule

Find the determinant of the matrix using the method of diagonals.

$$det(\left(\begin{matrix}1&2&0\\3&1&2\\0&3&1\end{matrix}\right))$$

Extend the original matrix by repeating the first two columns as the fourth and fifth columns.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}1&2&0&1&2\\3&1&2&3&1\\0&3&1&0&3\end{matrix}\right)$$

Starting at the upper left entry, multiply down along the diagonals, and add the resulting products.

$$1=1$$

Starting at the lower left entry, multiply up along the diagonals, and add the resulting products.

$$3\times 2+3\times 2=12$$

Subtract the sum of the upward diagonal products from the sum of the downward diagonal products.

$$1-12$$

Subtract 12 from 1.

$$-11$$

Steps Using Expansion by Minors

Find the determinant of the matrix using the method of expansion by minors (also known as expansion by cofactors).

$$det(\left(\begin{matrix}1&2&0\\3&1&2\\0&3&1\end{matrix}\right))$$

To expand by minors, multiply each element of the first row by its minor, which is the determinant of the 2\times 2 matrix created by deleting the row and column containing that element, then multiply by the element's position sign.

$$det(\left(\begin{matrix}1&2\\3&1\end{matrix}\right))-2det(\left(\begin{matrix}3&2\\0&1\end{matrix}\right))$$

For the 2\times 2 matrix \left(\begin{matrix}a&b\\c&d\end{matrix}\right), the determinant is ad-bc.

$$1-3\times 2-2\times 3$$

Simplify.

$$-5-2\times 3$$

Add the terms to obtain the final result.

$$-11$$

Factor

$$-11$$