Solve {l}{x:y=3:4}{2x+3y=36}

$$\left\{ \begin{array} { l } { x : y = 3 : 4 } \\ { 2 x + 3 y = 36 } \end{array} \right.$$

Solve for x, y

$$x=6$$

$$y=8$$

Steps Using Substitution

Consider the first equation. Variable y cannot be equal to 0 since division by zero is not defined. Multiply both sides of the equation by 4y, the least common multiple of y,4.

$$4x=3y$$

Divide both sides by 4.

$$x=\frac{1}{4}\times 3y$$

Multiply \frac{1}{4} times 3y.

$$x=\frac{3}{4}y$$

Substitute \frac{3y}{4} for x in the other equation, 2x+3y=36.

$$2\times \frac{3}{4}y+3y=36$$

Multiply 2 times \frac{3y}{4}.

$$\frac{3}{2}y+3y=36$$

Add \frac{3y}{2} to 3y.

$$\frac{9}{2}y=36$$

Divide both sides of the equation by \frac{9}{2}, which is the same as multiplying both sides by the reciprocal of the fraction.

$$y=8$$

Substitute 8 for y in x=\frac{3}{4}y. Because the resulting equation contains only one variable, you can solve for x directly.

$$x=\frac{3}{4}\times 8$$

Multiply \frac{3}{4} times 8.

$$x=6$$

The system is now solved.

$$x=6,y=8$$

Steps Using Matrices

Consider the first equation. Variable y cannot be equal to 0 since division by zero is not defined. Multiply both sides of the equation by 4y, the least common multiple of y,4.

$$4x=3y$$

Subtract 3y from both sides.

$$4x-3y=0$$

Put the equations in standard form and then use matrices to solve the system of equations.

$$4x-3y=0,2x+3y=36$$

Write the equations in matrix form.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}0\\36\end{matrix}\right)$$

Left multiply the equation by the inverse matrix of \left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right).

$$inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}0\\36\end{matrix}\right)$$

The product of a matrix and its inverse is the identity matrix.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}1&0\\0&1\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}0\\36\end{matrix}\right)$$

Multiply the matrices on the left hand side of the equal sign.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=inverse(\left(\begin{matrix}4&-3\\2&3\end{matrix}\right))\left(\begin{matrix}0\\36\end{matrix}\right)$$

For the 2\times 2 matrix \left(\begin{matrix}a&b\\c&d\end{matrix}\right), the inverse matrix is \left(\begin{matrix}\frac{d}{ad-bc}&\frac{-b}{ad-bc}\\\frac{-c}{ad-bc}&\frac{a}{ad-bc}\end{matrix}\right), so the matrix equation can be rewritten as a matrix multiplication problem.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4\times 3-\left(-3\times 2\right)}&-\frac{-3}{4\times 3-\left(-3\times 2\right)}\\-\frac{2}{4\times 3-\left(-3\times 2\right)}&\frac{4}{4\times 3-\left(-3\times 2\right)}\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}0\\36\end{matrix}\right)$$

Do the arithmetic.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{6}&\frac{1}{6}\\-\frac{1}{9}&\frac{2}{9}\end{matrix}\right)\left(\begin{matrix}0\\36\end{matrix}\right)$$

Multiply the matrices.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{6}\times 36\\\frac{2}{9}\times 36\end{matrix}\right)$$

Do the arithmetic.

$$\left(\begin{matrix}x\\y\end{matrix}\right)=\left(\begin{matrix}6\\8\end{matrix}\right)$$

Extract the matrix elements x and y.

$$x=6,y=8$$

Steps Using Elimination

Consider the first equation. Variable y cannot be equal to 0 since division by zero is not defined. Multiply both sides of the equation by 4y, the least common multiple of y,4.

$$4x=3y$$

Subtract 3y from both sides.

$$4x-3y=0$$

In order to solve by elimination, coefficients of one of the variables must be the same in both equations so that the variable will cancel out when one equation is subtracted from the other.

$$4x-3y=0,2x+3y=36$$

To make 4x and 2x equal, multiply all terms on each side of the first equation by 2 and all terms on each side of the second by 4.

$$2\times 4x+2\left(-3\right)y=0,4\times 2x+4\times 3y=4\times 36$$

Simplify.

$$8x-6y=0,8x+12y=144$$

Subtract 8x+12y=144 from 8x-6y=0 by subtracting like terms on each side of the equal sign.

$$8x-8x-6y-12y=-144$$

Add 8x to -8x. Terms 8x and -8x cancel out, leaving an equation with only one variable that can be solved.

$$-6y-12y=-144$$

Add -6y to -12y.

$$-18y=-144$$

Divide both sides by -18.

$$y=8$$

Substitute 8 for y in 2x+3y=36. Because the resulting equation contains only one variable, you can solve for x directly.

$$2x+3\times 8=36$$

Multiply 3 times 8.

$$2x+24=36$$

Subtract 24 from both sides of the equation.

$$2x=12$$

Divide both sides by 2.

$$x=6$$

The system is now solved.

$$x=6,y=8$$