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\begin{array}{l}\phantom{12)}\phantom{1}\\12\overline{)257}\\\end{array}
Use the 1^{st} digit 2 from dividend 257
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{12)}0\phantom{2}\\12\overline{)257}\\\end{array}
Since 2 is less than 12, use the next digit 5 from dividend 257 and add 0 to the quotient
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{12)}0\phantom{3}\\12\overline{)257}\\\end{array}
Use the 2^{nd} digit 5 from dividend 257
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{12)}02\phantom{4}\\12\overline{)257}\\\phantom{12)}\underline{\phantom{}24\phantom{9}}\\\phantom{12)9}1\\\end{array}
Find closest multiple of 12 to 25. We see that 2 \times 12 = 24 is the nearest. Now subtract 24 from 25 to get reminder 1. Add 2 to quotient.
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{12)}02\phantom{5}\\12\overline{)257}\\\phantom{12)}\underline{\phantom{}24\phantom{9}}\\\phantom{12)9}17\\\end{array}
Use the 3^{rd} digit 7 from dividend 257
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{12)}021\phantom{6}\\12\overline{)257}\\\phantom{12)}\underline{\phantom{}24\phantom{9}}\\\phantom{12)9}17\\\phantom{12)}\underline{\phantom{9}12\phantom{}}\\\phantom{12)99}5\\\end{array}
Find closest multiple of 12 to 17. We see that 1 \times 12 = 12 is the nearest. Now subtract 12 from 17 to get reminder 5. Add 1 to quotient.
\text{Quotient: }21 \text{Reminder: }5
Since 5 is less than 12, stop the division. The reminder is 5. The topmost line 021 is the quotient. Remove all zeros at the start of the quotient to get the actual quotient 21.