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\begin{array}{l}\phantom{31)}\phantom{1}\\31\overline{)150}\\\end{array}
Use the 1^{st} digit 1 from dividend 150
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{31)}0\phantom{2}\\31\overline{)150}\\\end{array}
Since 1 is less than 31, use the next digit 5 from dividend 150 and add 0 to the quotient
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{31)}0\phantom{3}\\31\overline{)150}\\\end{array}
Use the 2^{nd} digit 5 from dividend 150
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{31)}00\phantom{4}\\31\overline{)150}\\\end{array}
Since 15 is less than 31, use the next digit 0 from dividend 150 and add 0 to the quotient
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{31)}00\phantom{5}\\31\overline{)150}\\\end{array}
Use the 3^{rd} digit 0 from dividend 150
\begin{array}{l}\phantom{31)}004\phantom{6}\\31\overline{)150}\\\phantom{31)}\underline{\phantom{}124\phantom{}}\\\phantom{31)9}26\\\end{array}
Find closest multiple of 31 to 150. We see that 4 \times 31 = 124 is the nearest. Now subtract 124 from 150 to get reminder 26. Add 4 to quotient.
\text{Quotient: }4 \text{Reminder: }26
Since 26 is less than 31, stop the division. The reminder is 26. The topmost line 004 is the quotient. Remove all zeros at the start of the quotient to get the actual quotient 4.