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\frac{x-2y}{x+y}-\frac{x-y}{x+y}+\frac{-x-4y}{x+4y}
Factor the expressions that are not already factored in \frac{-x-4y}{x+4y}.
\frac{x-2y}{x+y}-\frac{x-y}{x+y}+\frac{-\left(x+4y\right)}{x+4y}
Extract the negative sign in -x-4y.
\frac{x-2y}{x+y}-\frac{x-y}{x+y}-1
Cancel out x+4y in both numerator and denominator.
\frac{x-2y-\left(x-y\right)}{x+y}-1
Since \frac{x-2y}{x+y} and \frac{x-y}{x+y} have the same denominator, subtract them by subtracting their numerators.
\frac{x-2y-x+y}{x+y}-1
Do the multiplications in x-2y-\left(x-y\right).
\frac{-y}{x+y}-1
Combine like terms in x-2y-x+y.
\frac{-y}{x+y}-\frac{x+y}{x+y}
To add or subtract expressions, expand them to make their denominators the same. Multiply 1 times \frac{x+y}{x+y}.
\frac{-y-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}
Since \frac{-y}{x+y} and \frac{x+y}{x+y} have the same denominator, subtract them by subtracting their numerators.
\frac{-y-x-y}{x+y}
Do the multiplications in -y-\left(x+y\right).
\frac{-2y-x}{x+y}
Combine like terms in -y-x-y.
\frac{x-2y}{x+y}-\frac{x-y}{x+y}+\frac{-x-4y}{x+4y}
Factor the expressions that are not already factored in \frac{-x-4y}{x+4y}.
\frac{x-2y}{x+y}-\frac{x-y}{x+y}+\frac{-\left(x+4y\right)}{x+4y}
Extract the negative sign in -x-4y.
\frac{x-2y}{x+y}-\frac{x-y}{x+y}-1
Cancel out x+4y in both numerator and denominator.
\frac{x-2y-\left(x-y\right)}{x+y}-1
Since \frac{x-2y}{x+y} and \frac{x-y}{x+y} have the same denominator, subtract them by subtracting their numerators.
\frac{x-2y-x+y}{x+y}-1
Do the multiplications in x-2y-\left(x-y\right).
\frac{-y}{x+y}-1
Combine like terms in x-2y-x+y.
\frac{-y}{x+y}-\frac{x+y}{x+y}
To add or subtract expressions, expand them to make their denominators the same. Multiply 1 times \frac{x+y}{x+y}.
\frac{-y-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}
Since \frac{-y}{x+y} and \frac{x+y}{x+y} have the same denominator, subtract them by subtracting their numerators.
\frac{-y-x-y}{x+y}
Do the multiplications in -y-\left(x+y\right).
\frac{-2y-x}{x+y}
Combine like terms in -y-x-y.