Tīpoka ki ngā ihirangi matua
Kimi Pārōnaki e ai ki z
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Aromātai
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Ngā Raru Ōrite mai i te Rapu Tukutuku

Tohaina

\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z}(-z)
Pahekotia te x me -x, ka 0.
-z^{1-1}
Ko te pārōnaki o ax^{n} ko nax^{n-1}.
-z^{0}
Tango 1 mai i 1.
-1
Mō tētahi kupu t mahue te 0, t^{0}=1.
-z
Pahekotia te x me -x, ka 0.