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Kimi Pārōnaki e ai ki r
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Ngā Raru Ōrite mai i te Rapu Tukutuku

Tohaina

\left(1-v\times \frac{1}{r}\right)\times 1\times 1
Whakawehea te 3 ki te 3, kia riro ko 1.
\left(1-\frac{v}{r}\right)\times 1\times 1
Tuhia te v\times \frac{1}{r} hei hautanga kotahi.
\left(\frac{r}{r}-\frac{v}{r}\right)\times 1\times 1
Hei tāpiri, hei tango kīanga rānei, me whakaroha ērā kia rite ā rātou tauraro. Whakareatia 1 ki te \frac{r}{r}.
\frac{r-v}{r}\times 1\times 1
Tā te mea he rite te tauraro o \frac{r}{r} me \frac{v}{r}, me tango rāua mā te tango i ō raua taurunga.
\frac{r-v}{r}
Whakareatia te 1 ki te 1, ka 1.