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Kimi Pārōnaki e ai ki x
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Ngā Raru Ōrite mai i te Rapu Tukutuku

Tohaina

\int 1\mathrm{d}\sigma x
Kimihia te tau tōpū o \int 1\mathrm{d}\sigma mā te whakamahi i te ture mō te ripanga o ngā tau tōpū pātahi \int a\mathrm{d}x=ax.
\left(\sigma +С\right)x
Whakarūnātia.
\left(\sigma +С\right)x+С
Mēnā ko F\left(x\right) he pārōnaki kōaro o f\left(x\right), kāti ko te huinga o ngā pārōnaki kōaro katoa o f\left(x\right) ka whakaaturia e F\left(x\right)+C. Nō reira, me tāpiri te pūmau o te whakatōpūtanga C\in \mathrm{R} ki te otinga.