Whakaoti i te =1-v-0-v-1

$$= 1 - v - 0 - v - 1$$

Aromātai

$$-2v$$

Ngā Upane Otinga

Whakareatia te -1 ki te 0, ka 0.

$$1-v+0-v-1$$

Tāpirihia te 1 ki te 0, ka 1.

$$1-v-v-1$$

Pahekotia te -v me -v, ka -2v.

$$1-2v-1$$

Tangohia te 1 i te 1, ka 0.

$$-2v$$

Kimi Pārōnaki e ai ki v

$$-2$$

Ngā Upane e Whakamahi ana i te Tautuhinga o te Pārōnaki

Whakareatia te -1 ki te 0, ka 0.

$$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}v}(1-v+0-v-1)$$

Tāpirihia te 1 ki te 0, ka 1.

$$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}v}(1-v-v-1)$$

Pahekotia te -v me -v, ka -2v.

$$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}v}(1-2v-1)$$

Tangohia te 1 i te 1, ka 0.

$$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}v}(-2v)$$

Ko te pārōnaki o ax^{n} ko nax^{n-1}.

$$-2v^{1-1}$$

Tango 1 mai i 1.

$$-2v^{0}$$

Mō tētahi kupu t mahue te 0, t^{0}=1.

$$-2$$