Solve u^2+3u+2

$$u ^ { 2 } + 3 u + 2$$

Factor

$$\left(u+1\right)\left(u+2\right)$$

Solution Steps

Factor the expression by grouping. First, the expression needs to be rewritten as u^{2}+au+bu+2. To find a and b, set up a system to be solved.

$$a+b=3 ab=1\times 2=2$$

Since ab is positive, a and b have the same sign. Since a+b is positive, a and b are both positive. The only such pair is the system solution.

$$a=1 b=2$$

Rewrite u^{2}+3u+2 as \left(u^{2}+u\right)+\left(2u+2\right).

$$\left(u^{2}+u\right)+\left(2u+2\right)$$

Factor out u in the first and 2 in the second group.

$$u\left(u+1\right)+2\left(u+1\right)$$

Factor out common term u+1 by using distributive property.

$$\left(u+1\right)\left(u+2\right)$$

Steps Using the Quadratic Formula

Quadratic polynomial can be factored using the transformation ax^{2}+bx+c=a\left(x-x_{1}\right)\left(x-x_{2}\right), where x_{1} and x_{2} are the solutions of the quadratic equation ax^{2}+bx+c=0.

$$u^{2}+3u+2=0$$

All equations of the form ax^{2}+bx+c=0 can be solved using the quadratic formula: \frac{-b±\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}}{2a}. The quadratic formula gives two solutions, one when ± is addition and one when it is subtraction.

$$u=\frac{-3±\sqrt{3^{2}-4\times 2}}{2}$$

Square 3.

$$u=\frac{-3±\sqrt{9-4\times 2}}{2}$$

Multiply -4 times 2.

$$u=\frac{-3±\sqrt{9-8}}{2}$$

Add 9 to -8.

$$u=\frac{-3±\sqrt{1}}{2}$$

Take the square root of 1.

$$u=\frac{-3±1}{2}$$

Now solve the equation u=\frac{-3±1}{2} when ± is plus. Add -3 to 1.

$$u=-\frac{2}{2}$$

Divide -2 by 2.

$$u=-1$$

Now solve the equation u=\frac{-3±1}{2} when ± is minus. Subtract 1 from -3.

$$u=-\frac{4}{2}$$

Divide -4 by 2.

$$u=-2$$

Factor the original expression using ax^{2}+bx+c=a\left(x-x_{1}\right)\left(x-x_{2}\right). Substitute -1 for x_{1} and -2 for x_{2}.

$$u^{2}+3u+2=\left(u-\left(-1\right)\right)\left(u-\left(-2\right)\right)$$

Simplify all the expressions of the form p-\left(-q\right) to p+q.

$$u^{2}+3u+2=\left(u+1\right)\left(u+2\right)$$

Steps Using Direct Factoring Method

Quadratic equations such as this one can be solved by a new direct factoring method that does not require guess work. To use the direct factoring method, the equation must be in the form x^2+Bx+C=0.

$$x ^ 2 +3x +2 = 0$$

Let r and s be the factors for the quadratic equation such that x^2+Bx+C=(x−r)(x−s) where sum of factors (r+s)=−B and the product of factors rs = C

$$r + s = -3 rs = 2$$

Two numbers r and s sum up to -3 exactly when the average of the two numbers is \frac{1}{2}*-3 = -\frac{3}{2}. You can also see that the midpoint of r and s corresponds to the axis of symmetry of the parabola represented by the quadratic equation y=x^2+Bx+C. The values of r and s are equidistant from the center by an unknown quantity u. Express r and s with respect to variable u. <div style='padding: 8px'><img src='https://opalmath.azureedge.net/customsolver/quadraticgraph.png' style='width: 100%;max-width: 700px' /></div>

$$r = -\frac{3}{2} - u s = -\frac{3}{2} + u$$

To solve for unknown quantity u, substitute these in the product equation rs = 2

$$(-\frac{3}{2} - u) (-\frac{3}{2} + u) = 2$$

Simplify by expanding (a -b) (a + b) = a^2 – b^2

$$\frac{9}{4} - u^2 = 2$$

Simplify the expression by subtracting \frac{9}{4} on both sides

$$-u^2 = 2-\frac{9}{4} = -\frac{1}{4}$$

Simplify the expression by multiplying -1 on both sides and take the square root to obtain the value of unknown variable u

$$u^2 = \frac{1}{4} u = \pm\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}} = \pm \frac{1}{2}$$

The factors r and s are the solutions to the quadratic equation. Substitute the value of u to compute the r and s.

$$r =-\frac{3}{2} - \frac{1}{2} = -2 s = -\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{2} = -1$$

Evaluate

$$\left(u+1\right)\left(u+2\right)$$