Solve 3x^2+5x=138

$$3 { x }^{ 2 } +5x=138$$

Solve for x

$$x = -\frac{23}{3} = -7\frac{2}{3} \approx -7.666666667$$

$$x=6$$

Steps Using Factoring By Grouping

Subtract 138 from both sides.

$$3x^{2}+5x-138=0$$

To solve the equation, factor the left hand side by grouping. First, left hand side needs to be rewritten as 3x^{2}+ax+bx-138. To find a and b, set up a system to be solved.

$$a+b=5 ab=3\left(-138\right)=-414$$

Since ab is negative, a and b have the opposite signs. Since a+b is positive, the positive number has greater absolute value than the negative. List all such integer pairs that give product -414.

$$-1,414 -2,207 -3,138 -6,69 -9,46 -18,23$$

Calculate the sum for each pair.

$$-1+414=413 -2+207=205 -3+138=135 -6+69=63 -9+46=37 -18+23=5$$

The solution is the pair that gives sum 5.

$$a=-18 b=23$$

Rewrite 3x^{2}+5x-138 as \left(3x^{2}-18x\right)+\left(23x-138\right).

$$\left(3x^{2}-18x\right)+\left(23x-138\right)$$

Factor out 3x in the first and 23 in the second group.

$$3x\left(x-6\right)+23\left(x-6\right)$$

Factor out common term x-6 by using distributive property.

$$\left(x-6\right)\left(3x+23\right)$$

To find equation solutions, solve x-6=0 and 3x+23=0.

$$x=6 x=-\frac{23}{3}$$

Steps Using the Quadratic Formula

All equations of the form ax^{2}+bx+c=0 can be solved using the quadratic formula: \frac{-b±\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}}{2a}. The quadratic formula gives two solutions, one when ± is addition and one when it is subtraction.

$$3x^{2}+5x=138$$

Subtract 138 from both sides of the equation.

$$3x^{2}+5x-138=138-138$$

Subtracting 138 from itself leaves 0.

$$3x^{2}+5x-138=0$$

This equation is in standard form: ax^{2}+bx+c=0. Substitute 3 for a, 5 for b, and -138 for c in the quadratic formula, \frac{-b±\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}}{2a}.

$$x=\frac{-5±\sqrt{5^{2}-4\times 3\left(-138\right)}}{2\times 3}$$

Square 5.

$$x=\frac{-5±\sqrt{25-4\times 3\left(-138\right)}}{2\times 3}$$

Multiply -4 times 3.

$$x=\frac{-5±\sqrt{25-12\left(-138\right)}}{2\times 3}$$

Multiply -12 times -138.

$$x=\frac{-5±\sqrt{25+1656}}{2\times 3}$$

Add 25 to 1656.

$$x=\frac{-5±\sqrt{1681}}{2\times 3}$$

Take the square root of 1681.

$$x=\frac{-5±41}{2\times 3}$$

Multiply 2 times 3.

$$x=\frac{-5±41}{6}$$

Now solve the equation x=\frac{-5±41}{6} when ± is plus. Add -5 to 41.

$$x=\frac{36}{6}$$

Divide 36 by 6.

$$x=6$$

Now solve the equation x=\frac{-5±41}{6} when ± is minus. Subtract 41 from -5.

$$x=-\frac{46}{6}$$

Reduce the fraction \frac{-46}{6} to lowest terms by extracting and canceling out 2.

$$x=-\frac{23}{3}$$

The equation is now solved.

$$x=6 x=-\frac{23}{3}$$

Steps for Completing the Square

Quadratic equations such as this one can be solved by completing the square. In order to complete the square, the equation must first be in the form x^{2}+bx=c.

$$3x^{2}+5x=138$$

Divide both sides by 3.

$$\frac{3x^{2}+5x}{3}=\frac{138}{3}$$

Dividing by 3 undoes the multiplication by 3.

$$x^{2}+\frac{5}{3}x=\frac{138}{3}$$

Divide 138 by 3.

$$x^{2}+\frac{5}{3}x=46$$

Divide \frac{5}{3}, the coefficient of the x term, by 2 to get \frac{5}{6}. Then add the square of \frac{5}{6} to both sides of the equation. This step makes the left hand side of the equation a perfect square.

$$x^{2}+\frac{5}{3}x+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{2}=46+\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^{2}$$

Square \frac{5}{6} by squaring both the numerator and the denominator of the fraction.

$$x^{2}+\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{25}{36}=46+\frac{25}{36}$$

Add 46 to \frac{25}{36}.

$$x^{2}+\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{25}{36}=\frac{1681}{36}$$

Factor x^{2}+\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{25}{36}. In general, when x^{2}+bx+c is a perfect square, it can always be factored as \left(x+\frac{b}{2}\right)^{2}.

$$\left(x+\frac{5}{6}\right)^{2}=\frac{1681}{36}$$

Take the square root of both sides of the equation.

$$\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{5}{6}\right)^{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1681}{36}}$$

Simplify.

$$x+\frac{5}{6}=\frac{41}{6} x+\frac{5}{6}=-\frac{41}{6}$$

Subtract \frac{5}{6} from both sides of the equation.

$$x=6 x=-\frac{23}{3}$$